Introduction
Atmanirbhar Bharat, meaning Self-Reliant India, is a transformative vision launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in May 2020. It aims to build a strong, self-sufficient, and globally competitive India by promoting domestic production, innovation, and entrepreneurship, especially in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Core Objectives of Atmanirbhar Bharat

The mission seeks to strengthen domestic manufacturing, support innovation, promote MSMEs, improve infrastructure, and make India a part of global value chains It promotes "Vocal for Local" to encourage the use of indigenous products and aims to build economic resilience through five pillars—Economy, Infrastructure, System, Demography, and Demand.

Key Sectors and Reforms

The initiative spans across multiple sectors like agriculture, healthcare, defence, energy, education, and digital technology. Reforms under Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) schemes, liberalised FDI norms, startup support, and structural changes in labour and land laws have been significant.The initiative also emphasises skill development and modernising the education system.

Progress Achieved under Atmanirbhar Bharat

India has made strides in vaccine production, mobile phone assembly, and defence exports. Digital payments and rural infrastructure have improved. Several MSME and startup initiatives have begun to show impact.

Challenges in Implementation

Despite its potential, Atmanirbhar Bharat faces challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, skill shortages, bureaucratic delays, limited R&D investment, and heavy reliance on imported technology in critical sectors like electronics and defence. Balancing self-reliance with global trade commitments also remains a concern.

Way Forward
To achieve true self-reliance, India must enhance ease of doing business, improve skilling programs, invest in innovation, and ensure policy stability. Inclusive growth through public-private partnerships, cooperative federalism, and targeted investment in rural and marginalised areas is essential to make Atmanirbhar Bharat a reality for all sections of society.

Conclusion
Atmanirbhar Bharat offers a transformative vision for India’s growth. With sustained reforms, inclusive development, and balanced global engagement, India can build a resilient economy that benefits all citizens and secures long-term prosperity.